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Plasma polyphenols associated with lower high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentrations: a cross-sectional study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort.

Nutrition, Immunity and Metabolism Senior Scientist Group, Department of Nutrition and Gerontology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), 14558 Nuthetal, Germany. International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France. Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain. Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. Department of Cardiology, Aalborg University Hospital, 9100 Aalborg, Denmark. CESP, faculté de médecine, université Paris-Sud, 75006 Paris, France. UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 94805 Villejuif, France. Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany. Hellenic Health Foundation, 11527 Athens, Greece. WHO Collaborating Center for Nutrition and Health, Unit of Nutritional Epidemiology and Nutrition in Public Health, Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15772 Athens, Greece. 2nd Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, 12462 Chaidari, Greece. Molecular and Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Research and Prevention Institute- ISPO, 50139 Firenze, Italy. EPIC Centre of Naples, Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia Federico II University, 80131 Napoli, Italy. Epidemiology and Prevention UnitFondazione Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy. Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, "Civic-M.P. Arezzo" Hospital, 97100 Ragusa, Italy. Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), 10126 Turin, Italy. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Medical Centre, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands. Department of Social and Preventative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands. Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands. Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway. Department of Functional Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain. Andalusian School of Public Health (EASP), Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Universidad de Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain. CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain. Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008 Murcia, Spain. Navarra Public Health Institute, 31002 Pamplona, Spain. Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain. Public Health Direction and Biodonostia-Ciberesp, Basque Regional Health Department, 20014 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain. Umeå University, Medical Biosciences, Clinical Chemistry, 901 87 Umeå, Sweden. Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK. University of Potsdam, Institute of Nutritional Science, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.

The British journal of nutrition. 2020;(2):198-208
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Abstract

Experimental studies have reported on the anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols. However, results from epidemiological investigations have been inconsistent and especially studies using biomarkers for assessment of polyphenol intake have been scant. We aimed to characterise the association between plasma concentrations of thirty-five polyphenol compounds and low-grade systemic inflammation state as measured by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP). A cross-sectional data analysis was performed based on 315 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition cohort with available measurements of plasma polyphenols and hsCRP. In logistic regression analysis, the OR and 95 % CI of elevated serum hsCRP (>3 mg/l) were calculated within quartiles and per standard deviation higher level of plasma polyphenol concentrations. In a multivariable-adjusted model, the sum of plasma concentrations of all polyphenols measured (per standard deviation) was associated with 29 (95 % CI 50, 1) % lower odds of elevated hsCRP. In the class of flavonoids, daidzein was inversely associated with elevated hsCRP (OR 0·66, 95 % CI 0·46, 0·96). Among phenolic acids, statistically significant associations were observed for 3,5-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (OR 0·58, 95 % CI 0·39, 0·86), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (OR 0·63, 95 % CI 0·46, 0·87), ferulic acid (OR 0·65, 95 % CI 0·44, 0·96) and caffeic acid (OR 0·69, 95 % CI 0·51, 0·93). The odds of elevated hsCRP were significantly reduced for hydroxytyrosol (OR 0·67, 95 % CI 0·48, 0·93). The present study showed that polyphenol biomarkers are associated with lower odds of elevated hsCRP. Whether diet rich in bioactive polyphenol compounds could be an effective strategy to prevent or modulate deleterious health effects of inflammation should be addressed by further well-powered longitudinal studies.

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Publication Type : Multicenter Study

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